Freedom of Information
The Freedom of Information Act gives everyone the right to access information held by the public sector. This includes Parliament, local authorities, the NHS and all other publicly funded or owned organisations. The Act was passed in 2000 and came into force in 2005. The Scottish Parliament enacted a similar set of legislation for Scotland.
This Act also required changes to the Data Protection Act so that both sets of legislation were consistent. The Data Protection Commissioner had his powers widened to cover Freedom of Information and Environmental Information regulations, and is now known as the Information Commissioner.
Highlights
- There is a general right of access to information held in the public sector. Interestingly, it is not restricted to UK citizens, and no reason need be given when requesting information.
- Requests for information have to be in writing including email. The public authority is expected to respond within 20 working days in normal circumstances.
- Some 23 exemptions exist covering items from national security to commercial confidentiality most of which apply to central government.
- Public bodies have a duty to produce a publication scheme so that it is clear what is available, in what formats and whether or not there are any charges for access.
- Powers of enforcement and appeal are available through the Information Commissioner and an Information Tribunal.
- Certain historical documents are protected for periods ranging from 30 to 100 years.